While there is little recent marine experience with using ammonia as a fuel – and some of the key machinery technologies (such as engines) are under development – extensive land-based experience with the production and use of ammonia for the petrochemical and fertiliser industries forms a sound basis for increasing its use as a marine fuel. Experience with the carriage of ammonia in liquefied-gas carriers – and the specific requirements for storage, distribution, personal protective equipment (PPE), etc. in the International Code of the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code) – provide some of the statutory requirements to guide its application on ammonia-fuelled ships.
However, the toxicity challenges and related risks are significant and, while manageable, they will add complexity to ship designs (compared to those for conventional and other low-flashpoint fuels and gases) and will potentially limit the ships for which it is a suitable fuel. Ammonia ultimately may prove to be a more appropriate solution for deep-sea cargo ships rather than short-sea, passenger or inland waterway craft.By examining the current
production capacity for ammonia, the existing regulatory landscape, fuel
storage options, supply and power generation technologies – along with
techno-economic analyses and risk-based case studies – this study has
identified the key challenges for adopting ammonia as fuel. It has also
identified a number of advantages that ammonia would have over other low-flashpoint
fuels or gases, technology and regulatory gaps that would prevent its immediate
application, and some incentives that would encourage its adoption.
This report examines Ammonia Availability,
Suitability, Sustainability, Techno-Economic Aspects, Regulations and
Risk/Safety as major components. You can download the report below:
file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/Potential%20of%20Ammonia%20as%20fuel%20in%20shipping.pdf
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